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Periodical article | Leiden University catalogue | WorldCat |
Title: | Planning and development of human settlements in Tanzania |
Author: | Mosha, A.C. |
Year: | 1989 |
Periodical: | Review of Rural and Urban Planning in Southern and Eastern Africa |
Issue: | 1 |
Period: | November |
Pages: | 15-42 |
Language: | English |
Notes: | biblio. refs., ills. |
Geographic terms: | Tanzania East Africa |
Subjects: | villagization settlement patterns rural planning urban planning urbanization Human settlements rural housing ujamaa |
Abstract: | This paper examines the planning and development of human settlements in urban and rural areas in Tanzania. The history of these settlements is outlined, followed by an examination of developments made over time and strategies adopted by the government to plan these settlements. With respect to urban settlements, the author discusses urban growth and urban policy from colonial times onward, paying attention to, amongst others, the impact on urban development of the 1967 Arusha Declaration, and urban policy performance. Implementation of the urban settlement policies and programmes has been slow. An examination of rural settlement planning first deals with precolonial and colonial settlements. Precolonial settlement patterns were closely linked to the agricultural system practised at that time. Thus, shifting agricultural settlements, grazing settlements, and permanent cluster settlements were found. German and British rule added several hundred colonial villages. With independence came the birth of ujamaa (socialist) villages. The author discusses the origins, aims and planning of the ujamaa settlements, as well as the implications of the ujamaa villages programme with respect to the agricultural transformation programme, the rural settlement system, and rural society and its culture in general. In some areas ujamaa villages mushroomed and in others they never succeeded. To date, the spirit of ujamaa continues, although the number of people moving to such villages is not growing that fast. Abstr., bibliogr. |