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| Title: | Migrant Labour and Forced Rice Production in Southern Mozambique: The Colonial Peasantry of the Lower Limpopo Valley |
| Author: | Roesch, Otto |
| Year: | 1991 |
| Periodical: | Journal of Southern African Studies |
| Volume: | 17 |
| Issue: | 2 |
| Period: | June |
| Pages: | 239-270 |
| Language: | English |
| Geographic terms: | Mozambique Portugal |
| Subjects: | colonialism forced labour labour migration rice Urbanization and Migration Labor and Employment Agriculture, Natural Resources and the Environment History and Exploration |
| External link: | https://www.jstor.org/stable/2637236 |
| Abstract: | The two principal forms of forced labour by which the Portuguese colonial State sought to meet its internal labour requirements and develop the Mozambican colony's productive potential were obligatory peasant cash-cropping and a form of corvée labour known as 'chibalo'. This paper documents a particular instance of this dependence of colonial productive development on forced labour. It traces the origin and evolution of the system of forced rice production which the Portuguese introduced to the lower Limpopo River Valley of southern Mozambique in the late 1930s. The colonial State's attempt to develop the area's agricultural potential in the service of the colonial economy was thwarted, however, by the area's earlier transformation into a labour reserve for South Africa's mining-based economy. The system of migrant labour, which established itself in southern Mozambique during the first decades of the twentieth century fostered the emergence of a pattern of semiproletarianization and subsistence agriculture that was to prove largely intractable to Portuguese attempts to foster the growth of capitalist and peasant commercial agriculture in the area. Notes, ref. |
