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Title: | Nutrition, Labour Productivity and Labour Supply of Men and Women in Ghana |
Authors: | Boom, G.J.M. van den Nubé, M. Asenso-Okyere, W.K. |
Year: | 1996 |
Periodical: | Journal of Development Studies |
Volume: | 32 |
Issue: | 6 |
Period: | August |
Pages: | 801-829 |
Language: | English |
Geographic term: | Ghana |
Subjects: | labour productivity nutrition food Women's Issues Health and Nutrition Labor and Employment Economics and Trade Health, Nutrition, and Medicine Sex Roles |
External link: | https://doi.org/10.1080/00220389608422441 |
Abstract: | The nutritional status of many Ghanaians is inadequate for a healthy and productive life. Based on data from a household survey conducted in Ghana by the Ghana Statistical Service (1989), this paper proposes a structural model to investigate nutrition-productivity interactions. An efficiency-wage relation and a nutritional status production function are estimated in conjunction with Hausman-type preferences for food and leisure time. A non-linear FIML (Full-Information-Maximum-Likelihood) estimator is used to account for simultaneity. The estimates reveal that hourly earnings of men and women in Ghana are similar and respond positively to food consumption and nutritional status and negatively to additional hours worked. The latter effect is strongest for women, who work fewer hours but have higher workloads during hours not allocated to income earning. The effects of nutrition are strongest for men, reflecting a higher workload during working hours. The propensity to reduce workload is high for both women and men. It is further indicated that women's labour productivity would rise by some 20 percent if female family workers moved to market employment, while similar productivity gains may be expected from middle school enrolment. With average productivity increases of 14 percent from labour market participation and 6 percent from middle school enrolment, such gains are less pronounced for men. Bibliogr., notes, ref., sum. |