Problems and Nature of Anti-Colonial Struggle in Africa

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Periodical article

Title:	Problems and Nature of Anti-Colonial Struggle in Africa
Author:	Mpakati, Attati
Year:	1972
Periodical:	Pan-African Journal
Volume:	5
Issue:	2
Period:	September
Pages:	239-252
Language:	English
Geographic term:	Africa
Subjects:	national liberation movements political parties one-party systems nationalism Ethnic and Race Relations
Abstract:	Absence of clear cut ideological orientation of African political parties during the struggle for freedom caused, both on party and government levels, many conflicts which were of various nature but not ideological in the true sense; e.g. differences of opinion between Ben Bella and Boumedienne (Algeria), Kenyatta and Oginga Odinga (Kenya), Banda and Chipembere (Malawi), Nyerere and Kambona (Tanzania), Abeid Karume and Kasimu Hanga (Zanzibar). Since the political parties were not vanguards but mass movements they were comprised of people from different social strata which aimed at using the party to achieve their various personal goals when colonialism was uprooted. This is shown in an examination of different social groups: Intellectuals; Civil Servants; Chief; Workers and Peasants. The author pays special attention to the one-party system, operated whether by a reactionary party, a progressive party or under a military regime. Ref.