Abstract: | As the inherent limitations of formal schooling have become evident, there has been a corresponding increase in interest in 'non-formal' education. Nonformal educational programs, it is hoped, will serve several needs: 1. as an alternative to formal schooling for those who lack the opportunity, 2. as an extension of formal schooling for those who need additional training, 3. as a means of upgrading the skills of those already employed. In this survey the author distinguishes between prevocational training (usually directed at youth) and on-the-job training (often designed for adults). A third category including cultural and political development is considered only briefly. Another distinction is that between training for industrial employment and training for rural employment. The paper describes 1. General characteristics - 2. Impact - 3. Finance - 4. Training by employers - 5. Links with the job market - 6. Relation between formal and nonformal education - 7. The role of central governments. Ref. |