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| Title: | As origens de Moçambique e Zimbabwe: Paiva de Andrada, a Companhia de Moçambique e a diplomacia africana, 1881-91 |
| Author: | Beach, David |
| Year: | 1995 |
| Periodical: | Revista internacional de estudos Africanos |
| Issue: | 18-22 |
| Pages: | 29-91 |
| Language: | Portuguese |
| Geographic terms: | Mozambique Zimbabwe Great Britain Portugal |
| Subjects: | colonization Mwene Mutapa polity |
| Abstract: | The strong economic, social and cultural differences observed today between Mozambique and its anglophone neighbours, Zimbabwe, Malawi and Zambia, have been determined by the frontiers established by the Anglo-Portuguese Treaty of 1891. These were, themselves, the culmination of a sequence of events dating from the end of the 1880s, namely, the 1889 expedition of Serpa Pinto, which attempted to submit the population of the Shire highlands to Portuguese rule, and the expeditions to the Zimbabwe plateau organized by the Potruguese military officer, Joaquim Carlos Paiva de Andrada, which coincided with the British South Africa Company's attempts to occupy the region. These events led to the British ultimatum of 1891 and the final demarcation of the frontier between Mozambique and Zimbabwe. The manuscript letters of one of the central figures involved, Paiva de Andrada, together with other Portuguese sources have only recently been explored. Focusing on Andrada's character and career as revealed by these sources, together with an analysis of his interaction with the African political authorities, the author presents a new interpretation of the events which occurred between the 1880s and the early 1890s. While previous interpretations have tended to see a series of unconnected episodes, this article reveals the interconnected and ambitious nature of Andrada's actions and plans. It also demonstrates that the process of partition was not as inevitable as it seemed, in terms of the frontiers which were eventually defined. Notes, ref., sum. in English, text in Portuguese. [Journal abstract, edited] |